Crystallization is a well-explored natural phenomenon where atoms or molecules arrange themselves into highly organized solid ...

Establishing the phase diagram of hydrogen is a major challenge for experimental and theoretical physics. Experiment alone cannot establish the atomic structure of solid hydrogen at high pressure, ...

The ice in a domestic freezer is remarkably different from the single crystals that form in snow clouds, or even those formed ...

For years, researchers have provided contradictory evidence about the “premelting film” of ice, its thickness and whether it ...

The transition of a physical system from one phase to another is familiar from everyday life. Water, for example, can be a solid (ice), a liquid or a gas (steam), and a change in temperature causes ...

A phase vector or phasor in physics and engineering signifies a sine wave whose amplitude and frequency are time-variant. The behavior of a sinusoid is decomposed by phasors into three independent ...

You’re probably familiar with the old joke about a physicist who, when asked to use science to help a dairy farmer, begins by approximating a spherical cow in a vacuum. But maybe it’s time to ...